OTHERS_CITABLE Chimeric antigen receptor engineered-T (CAR-T) cells also named as living drugs, have been recently known as a breakthrough technology and were applied as an adoptive immunotherapy against different types of cancer. They also attracted widespread interest because of the success of B-cell malignancy therapy achieved by anti-CD19 CAR-T cells. Current genetic toolbox enabled the synthesis of CARs receptors which are targeted against tumor-specific antigens, and enabled to arbitrarily T-cells function reprogramming. Approximately all of CAR-T cell based studies apply autologous CAR-T cells in which, modified T-cells are engineered using patient’s own T cells. Currently, four different generation of CAR-T cells have been developed, and the evolution of this kind of therapy illustrates an excellent example of the application of basic research into the clinical trial stage. However, development of allogenic CAR-T cells can be a turning point for CAR-T cells therapy. Appearance of the reliable gene editing approach, CRISPR/Cas9 system, provided a new hope for designing universal CAR-T cells which are off-the-shelf, and enable to use for treatment of any patient with any kind of tumor. This review outlined four different generations of CAR-T cells. Also, we discussed different types of genome editing systems especially CRISPR/Cas9 system, and their capabilities for generating engineered T-cells. Additionally, we tried to explain challenges faced in improving universally generated T-cells. http://ibbj.org/article-1-227-en.pdf 2019-07-26 0 0 CAR-T cells cancer therapy CRISPR/Cas9 system Yousef Jafari Abarghan jafariay951@mums.ac.ir 1 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AUTHOR Arash Salmaninejad arash.salmany@yahoo.com 2 Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AUTHOR Atieh Eslahi eslahia951@mums.ac.ir 3 Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AUTHOR Farzaneh Alizadeh alizadehf951@mums.ac.ir 4 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AUTHOR Majid Mojarrad majidmojarrad@gmail.com 5 Medical Genetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE In this study, in vitro inhibitory activity of methanolic and chloroform extracts of some medicinal plants including C. wightii, T. ammi, N. sativa, C. arabica, L. usitatissimum, C. cyminum, and R. Graveolens was evaluated toward α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and lipase comparing with acarbose and orlistat as the standard inhibitors. Our results revealed that both methanolic and chloroform extracts of C.wightii depicted high activity toward α-glucosidase (IC50s = 100.2 and 110.3 µg/mL, respectively) while methanolic and chloroform extracts of R.graveolens as well as chloroform extract of C.arabica showed good to moderate inhibitory activity (IC50s = 281.0, 460.5, and 280.0 µg/mL, respectively). Among the evaluated extracts, methanolic extract of R.graveolens and chloroform extract of C.arabica were found to be potent inhibitors toward α-amylase (IC50s = 215.0 and 180.0 µg/mL, respectively). However, moderate activity was obtained by methanolic and chloroform extracts of C. wightii and chloroform extract of R.graveolens (IC50 = 273.5, 358.5, and 479.0 µg/mL). It should be noted that all extracts demonstrated no significant inhibitory activity against lipase. http://ibbj.org/article-1-228-en.pdf 2019-08-14 0 0 α-amylase obesity α-glucosidase lipase medicinal plants Edris Ardeshirlarijani ediardeshir@gmail.com 1 Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada. AUTHOR Nazli Namazi nazli.namazi@yahoo.com 2 Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Reza B Jalili rjalili@mail.ubc.ca 3 Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. AUTHOR Mina Saeedi m-saeedi@tums.ac.ir 4 Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Somaye Imanparast so_imanparast@ut.ac.ir 5 Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Hamid-Reza Adhami hr-adhami@tums.ac.ir 6 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Mohammad Ali Faramarzi faramarz@tums.ac.ir 7 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Mohammad Hossein Ayati ayatimd@gmail.com 8 Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Mohammad Mahdavi mahdavi_chem@yahoo.com 9 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Bagher Larijani larijanib1340@gmail.com 10 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR

OTHERS_CITABLE Recently, there is a growing interest to use the alternative medicine and natural therapies in the treatment of toxicity. Flavonoids are one of these natural therapies that were used by researchers in the treatment of some intoxication cases. Naringenin is the most influential flavonoids wherein it is found in citrus fruits such as orange, grapefruit, and mandarin. Naringenin is considered a potent natural antioxidant in vitro and in vivo. It can be hepatoprotective, renoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and cytoprotective in many cases of toxicity besides its ability in amelioration the testicular and developmental toxicity. Its efficacy depends on the capability to scavenge strongly the free radicals such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals preventing the oxidative stress toxicity and lipid peroxidation.     http://ibbj.org/article-1-224-en.pdf 2019-11-11 0 0 Naringenin intoxication antioxidant protection Said Said Elshama Saidelshama@yahoo.com 1 Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia City, Egypt. AUTHOR